LUMPY SKIN DISEASE – A CONTAGIOUS VIRAL DISEASE FOR LIVESTOCK ANIMALS.
, Dr. K.N. Singh1, Dr. Mukesh Kumar2, Dr. Nimgaonkar Mayur Sudhirrao3
- Asst professor Department of Veterinary Anatomy & Histology
- Asst. Professor Department of Veterinary Anatomy & Histology
- M.V. Sc Scholar Department of Veterinary Anatomy & Histology
Department of Veterinary Anatomy & Histology, C.V.Sc & A.H., A.N.D.U.A.T,
Kumarganj, Ayodhya, U.P. (224229).
E mail ID.: nimgaonkarmayur@gmail.com Mo. No: 9137548061
Introduction:
LSD, also known as lumpy skin disease, is an emerging illness that has had the harshest effects on cattle and buffalo. The poxviridae virus genus Capripox is responsible for spreading this disease. The “Neethling Virus” is another name for the virus. The first mention of it dates back to 1929 in Zambia, and more recently, in 2019, in Bangladesh, and is currently in India. In several Indian states, including Madhya Pradesh, Maharashtra, Punjab, Uttar Pradesh, and Rajasthan, the virus is extending its roots. The virus quickly accumulated a large number of fatalities and wreaked devastation in India. Out of which a significant portion—roughly 75000 deaths—were exclusively noted in the state of Rajasthan. The Indian government has banned bullock cart races, livestock fairs, and interstate animal transportation in order to reduce animal mortality and the spread of disease.
How animals get infected?
Being an arthropod-borne disease, the illness is spread from one animal to another by biting flies, mosquitoes, and other tiny insects. The main element in spreading the disease has also been the importation of the mixing of sick and healthy animals. Additionally, it spreads through the tainted water, food, and environment.
Clinical Symptoms and Signs Displayed by the Animals:
Since fever is the first symptom of an infectious disease, it can climb to 105-106 0F in animals and last for up to a week. Anorexia, emaciation, nasal discharge, swollen lymph nodes, respiratory distress, conjunctivitis, poor development, edoema of limbs, brisket region and limbs that causes animal to be lame, etc. are other signs. The animals’ defining symptom is the development of numerous nodules, which can range in size from 3-6 cm and are round, confined, firm, painful, and slightly elevated all over the body (Fig. 1). These nodules lower the value of the hide, which leads farmers to lose money. The dairy business suffers additional losses as a result of the animals’ decreased milk production. Abortions in various animals have also been documented.
LSD Facts:
- It is safe to consume milk from infected animal, by simply boiling it before consumption.
- Since it is not a “zoonotic” disease, it cannot be spread from infected animals to humans under any circumstances.
Conclusion:
Despite the fact that there is no permanent treatment for this virus-based disease, animals can still be saved by receiving the appropriate veterinary care, such as painkillers, fluids, and antibiotics to control secondary bacterial infections, applying fly repellent to wounds to prevent the growth of maggots, vaccination, isolation or quarantine of sick animals, and providing clean, disinfected water and high-quality food. Animals are immunized using the vaccine for goat pox. Additionally controlling flies and mosquitoes by burning neem leaves along with the animal waste, as well as routinely cleaning the animal barns. While milking the animals, farmers should wear gloves and a mask to prevent contamination. Farmers and customers shouldn’t accept the myths that milk from diseased animals shouldn’t be drank; you may do so without risk if you pasteurize the milk first. The fact that this illness is not a zoonotic illness is crucial. When an animal dies, the carcass should be properly disposed of, and the area should be carefully cleaned and disinfected.
